As we know, the CLAT exam is conducted by the Consortium of NLUs, but there is an exception. The National Law University of Delhi is not a part of the NLU Consortium. If you wish to study 5-year B.A.LL.B. (Hons.) program for the academic year 2025-26 at the National Law University (NLU), Delhi, you need to clear the All India Law Entrance Test (AILET) exam.
Yes, you read it right.
AILET exam is solely conducted by the Delhi National Law University. So to get admission to the Delhi NLU, you have to clear the AILET exam only. Your CLAT scores will not be considered at the time of admission to the National Law University of Delhi.
Clearing the AILET examination is not a piece of cake. A lot of preparation and strategy goes into it. Before appearing for the AILET examination, you need to know about the AILET exam pattern, exam mode, type of questions, and more.
The AILET exam 2025 will be conducted on Sunday, December 8, 2024 (2.00 PM-4.00 PM), in offline mode. The AILET application procedure for 2025 is now open, and you only have a few days to submit your application form. The AILET application’s last date in online mode is Monday, November 18, 2024.
The AILET 2025 examination will be held in offline mode on December 8, 2024. You can register for the AILET application form on the official website at https://nationallawuniversitydelhi.in/
You must be perplexed regarding the AILET exam pattern, mode of exam, type of questions, and marking scheme. We are here to clear all your doubts. To know all about AILET exam pattern, mode of exam, type of questions, and marking scheme, read this post till the end. All your doubts will be cleared.
Important Dates for AILET Exam 2025
| Particulars | Dates |
| Exam Notification | 27-May-2024 |
| Application Form Start Date | 1-Aug-2024 |
| Application Form Last Date | 18-November-2024 |
| Admit Card | 28-November-2024 |
| Date of Exam | 8-December-2024 |
| Official Website | https://nationallawuniversitydelhi.in/ |
Also Read: NLU Delhi Cut-off Marks (2016 to 2024 Comparison)
AILET Exam Pattern 2025
Here is the most recent AILET 2025 exam pattern:
AILET will include 150 questions in total and will be administered offline in English. The AILET 2025 will be objective based questions.
| Particulars | Details |
| Mode of Examination | Offline |
| Duration of Examination | 2 Hours |
| Number of Questions | 150 |
| Total Marks | 150 |
| Language | English |
| Type of Questions | Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) |
| Marking Schemes | For each correct answer: 1 markFor each incorrect answer: -0.25 marksUnattempted questions: 0 marks |
Each question carries one (1) mark. For each correct response, one (1) mark will be awarded, and for each incorrect answer, 0.25 marks will be deducted. This implies you will lose one (1) mark for every four (4) wrong responses.
AILET Subjects 2025
The number of sections in the AILET exam has been decreased by the NLU Delhi. Earlier, there were five (5) sections i the AILET exam, but now the Delhi NLU has made changes in the number of sections in the AILET exam. The AILET exam now consist of only three (3) sections: English Language, Current Affairs and General Knowledge, and Logical Reasoning.
| Subject | Number of Questions Likely to be Asked | Marks in Each Section |
| English Language | 50 questions | 50 marks |
| Current Affairs & General Knowledge | 30 questions | 30 marks |
| Logical Reasoning | 70 questions | 70 marks |
| Total | 150 | 150 |
Points to Remember :
- It may be noted that in the logical reasoning section, legal principles may be used to test logical aptitude; however, legal knowledge or technical understanding will not be required of any kind.
- If two or more applicants achieve the same marks in the All India Law Entrance Test (AILET), their merit will be evaluated based on higher marks in the AILET 2025 section on LOGICAL REASONING.
- If the merits remain the same, the applicant who is senior will be given preference. If there is still no change in merit, the computerized draw of lots will be considered.
Also Read: National Law University (NLU) Delhi: Campus, Courses, Fees, Admission, Full Guide 2024
AILET Paper Pattern and Types of Questions
The AILET paper pattern and types of questions are slightly different from those of the CLAT paper pattern and types of questions. Like CLAT, the AILET exam also focuses on passage-based questions for the English Language and Logical Reasoning sections.
Although CLAT frames questions for the General Knowledge and Current Affairs section based on the passage, the Delhi NLU does not follow the same. The Current Affairs & General Knowledge section of the AILET exam will not provide you with passages. There will be one-line facts-based questions.
AILET Passing Marks & Qualifying Marks
The AILET exam’s passing marks are flexible. Based on the total number of seats available and the performance of the applicants in the exam, the cut-off marks for admission to the Delhi NLUs is determined.
The qualifying marks for the AILET exam are also not fixed. They are determined by the National Law University of Delhi on the basis of the number of seats in 5 year B.A.LL.B. (Hons.) program for the academic year 2025-26 and the performance of the applicants in the exam.
AILET 2023 Cutoff
Expected AILET Exam Cut-Off
The AILET cut-off marks are generally disclosed after the declaration of the AILET Result.
The candidate can visit our official website https://lawpreptutorial.com/ to know about the AILET cut-off marks after the declaration of AILET exam 2025 results.
Also Read: Top 10 Best Law Colleges in Delhi (List of Government & Private Law Colleges)
Sample Passage
The presentation of the AILET 2023 paper took students by surprise with its unique approach, where the English and Logical questions were derived from a shared passage.
Here we are providing you sample passage for all the three (3) sections of the AILET exam i.e., English Language, Logical Reasoning, and Current Affairs & General Knowledge sections, to give you an idea, what you can expect on the date of AILET examination.
I. Logic is the study of the principles of reasoning. It is concerned with the analysis of arguments, the evaluation of their validity, and the construction of sound arguments. An argument is a group of statements, one of which (the conclusion) is claimed to follow from the others (the premises). For example, the following is an argument:
- All men are mortal.
- Socrates is a man.
- Therefore, Socrates is mortal.
In this argument, the first two statements (premises) are used to support the third statement (conclusion). The conclusion is said to follow from the premises if it is impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false.
An argument is valid if and only if it is impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false. In other words, a valid argument is one in which the conclusion follows necessarily from the premises. The argument above is valid because it is impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false.
A sound argument is a valid argument in which the premises are actually true. In other words, a sound argument is one in which the conclusion follows necessarily from true premises. The argument above is not sound because the first premise is false. Not all men are mortal, because some men, such as Jesus Christ, are believed to be immortal.
Logic can be used to evaluate arguments and to construct sound arguments. It can also be used to solve problems and to make decisions. Logic is a valuable tool for anyone who wants to think clearly and to communicate effectively.
In addition to the basic concepts of validity and soundness, logic also deals with other important concepts such as relevance, ambiguity, and equivocation. Relevance is a property of premises that are related to the conclusion. An argument is said to be relevant if its premises are relevant to its conclusion. Ambiguity is a property of statements that have more than one meaning. An ambiguous statement can be used to support more than one conclusion. Equivocation is a fallacy that occurs when a word or phrase is used in two different senses in the same argument.
Logic is a complex and challenging subject, but it is also a rewarding one. By studying logic, we can learn to think more clearly and to communicate more effectively. We can also learn to solve problems and to make decisions in a more rational way.
Source: Extracted with edits and revisions from the book Introduction to Logic by Irving M. Copi.
Section – A: English
1. Select the appropriate option to fill the blank.
In the line, ‘Logic is a valuable tool for anyone who wants to think clearly and to communicate effectively…’, the writer implies that Logic __________.
(a) is necessary for everyone to learn.
(b) helps to enhance thought process and communication.
(c) is an optional subject that can be mastered.
(d) makes communication more complicated.
Answer: B
Explanation: Reference lines: ‘Logic is a valuable tool for anyone who wants to think clearly and to communicate effectively.’
a) is necessary for everyone to learn: This option suggests that Logic is a mandatory skill for everyone. However, the text does not explicitly state that everyone needs to learn Logic. It says that it’s valuable for those who want to think clearly and communicate effectively.
b) helps to enhance thought process and communication: This is the correct option. The text states that Logic is a valuable tool for anyone who wants to think clearly and to communicate effectively. This means that Logic can aid in enhancing thinking and communication.
c) is an optional subject that can be mastered: This option implies that Logic is a subject that can be chosen to master. However, the text does not mention anything about Logic being a subject that can be mastered.
d) makes communication more complicated: This option suggests that Logic complicates communication. This contradicts the text, which states that Logic aids in effective communication.
2. The writer’s use of the phrase ‘Not all men are mortal’ in the passage. What is the most likely tone this indicates?
(a) paradoxical (b) sarcastic
(c) contradictory (d) argumentative
Answer: C
Explanation: Reference lines: ‘The argument above is not sound because the first premise is false. Not all men are mortal, because some men, such as Jesus Christ, are believed to be immortal.’
a) paradoxical: This option suggests that the statement creates a paradox. However, the text does not present a paradox but a contradiction to the initial premise.
b) sarcastic: This implies that the writer is expressing sarcasm. However, the text does not indicate any sarcasm.
c) contradictory: This is the correct answer. The statement ‘Not all men are mortal’ contradicts the first premise ‘All men are mortal’, hence the tone is contradictory.
d) argumentative: This suggests that the writer is arguing or initiating a debate. However, the writer is not arguing but presenting a logical contradiction to illustrate a point
3. Select the option that is true for both (1) and (2) below, according to the passage.
1. A sound argument is one where the conclusion follows necessarily from true premises.
2. Validity of an argument is determined by whether it’s impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false.
(a) (1) is true but (2) is false.
(b) Both (1) and (2) are true.
(c) (2) is true but (1) cannot be inferred from the text.
(d) (1) is true but (2) cannot be inferred from the text.
Answer: B
Explanation: Reference lines: ‘A sound argument is a valid argument in which the premises are actually true.’ and ‘An argument is valid if and only if it is impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false.’
a) (1) is true but (2) is false: This option would imply that statement (2) is not supported by the text, which is incorrect as the text does state that an argument is valid if it’s impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false.
b) Both (1) and (2) are true: This is the correct answer. Both statements are supported by the text. It defines a sound argument as one where the conclusion necessarily follows from true premises and also states that an argument’s validity is determined by whether it’s impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false.
c) (2) is true but (1) cannot be inferred from the text: This option would suggest that statement (1) isn’t supported by the text, which is incorrect as the text does state that a sound argument is one where the conclusion follows necessarily from true premises.
d) (1) is true but (2) cannot be inferred from the text: This option implies that statement (2) is not supported by the text, which is incorrect as the text states that an argument is valid if it’s impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false.
4. Substitute the underlined word correctly in the following line from the passage:
“A sound argument is a valid argument in which the premises are actually true.”
(a) real (b) tangible
(c) authentic (d) reliable
Answer: C
Explanation: In this context, the word “true” refers to premises that are factually correct or authentic. The word “real” can also refer to something genuine but it may lack the context of factuality needed here. The words “tangible” and “reliable” do not fit in this context, as they refer to something that can be physically touched and something that is consistent respectively.
5. Based on the passage, select the option that uses the concept of “ambiguity”, as discussed in the passage.
(a) All dogs are mammals. Fido is a mammal. Therefore, Fido is a dog.
(b) It’s raining cats and dogs.
(c) She saw the man with the binoculars.
(d) To err is human.
Answer: C
Explanation: a) The sentence “All dogs are mammals. Fido is a mammal. Therefore, Fido is a dog” does not demonstrate ambiguity. It is a logically incorrect argument, but the meaning of the statements is clear and does not have multiple interpretations.
b) The phrase “It’s raining cats and dogs” is an idiom that means it is raining heavily. While idioms can sometimes be ambiguous in their literal interpretation, this particular idiom is not ambiguous as it conveys a figurative meaning that is widely understood.
c) The sentence “She saw the man with the binoculars” is indeed ambiguous. It could mean either she saw a man who was using binoculars or she used binoculars to see the man. The presence of the preposition “with” introduces ambiguity and allows for different interpretations.
d) The phrase “To err is human” is a well-known idiom that means making mistakes is a common human characteristic. While idioms can sometimes have figurative interpretations, this particular idiom is not ambiguous as its meaning is widely understood.
Therefore, the option that correctly uses the concept of “ambiguity” as discussed in the passage is c) “She saw the man with the binoculars.” This sentence demonstrates ambiguity because it can be interpreted in two different ways, leading to potential confusion or different meanings.
Section – B: Logical Reasoning
6. Considering the premises: “All philosophers ponder existential questions,” and “Bertrand Russell is a philosopher,” according to the principles of logic delineated in the passage, which of the following conclusions is valid?
(a) Bertrand Russell ponders existential questions.
(b) Individuals who ponder existential questions are philosophers.
(c) Bertrand Russell may or may not ponder existential questions.
(d) Only philosophers like Bertrand Russell ponder existential questions.
Answer: A
Explanation: Reference Lines from Passage: An argument is valid if and only if it is impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false.
Explanation of the options:
a) This option correctly applies deductive reasoning. The premises state that all philosophers ponder existential questions and that Bertrand Russell is a philosopher. From these premises, we can logically conclude that Bertrand Russell ponders existential questions. This conclusion follows logically and is consistent with the principles of deductive reasoning.
b) This option is invalid because it makes a generalized assumption that is not supported by the given premises. While the premises state that all philosophers ponder existential questions, it does not necessarily imply that all individuals who ponder existential questions are philosophers. This conclusion goes beyond what is logically justified by the given premises.
c) This option is invalid because it introduces an ambiguity that is not supported by the premises. The premises provide a clear statement that all philosophers ponder existential questions. Therefore, the conclusion should be definite rather than speculative or uncertain. The given premises do not support the notion that Bertrand Russell may or may not ponder existential questions.
d) This option is invalid because it unnecessarily narrows down the scope of philosophers to only those “like Bertrand Russell,” which is not inferred from the premises. The premises state that all philosophers ponder existential questions, but they do not specify that only philosophers like Bertrand Russell ponder existential questions. This conclusion goes beyond what can be logically deduced from the given premises.
7. Given the argument: “All living creatures require water to survive. Reptiles are living creatures. Therefore, reptiles require water to survive,” according to the principles of logic explained in the passage, how can this argument be classified?
(a) Invalid because the premises do not necessarily lead to the conclusion.
(b) Sound, as it is valid and the premises are true.
(c) Valid, but not sound because the premises are false.
(d) Irrelevant because the conclusion does not follow from the premises.
Answer: B
Explanation: Reference Lines from Passage: A sound argument is a valid argument in which the premises are actually true.
Explanation of the options:
a) This option is incorrect because the argument is actually valid. Validity in logic means that the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises. In this argument, the premises state that all living creatures require water to survive and that reptiles are living creatures. From these premises, it logically follows that reptiles require water to survive. The argument is valid because the conclusion is a necessary consequence of the premises.
b) This is the correct answer. The argument is both valid and sound. Validity refers to the logical structure of an argument, and soundness requires both validity and true premises. In this argument, the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises, making it valid. Additionally, the premises are true statements: it is true that all living creatures require water to survive, and it is true that reptiles are living creatures. Therefore, the argument is sound.
c) This option is incorrect because it mistakenly labels the premises as false. The premises in the given argument are actually true. It is a known fact that all living creatures, including reptiles, require water to survive. Since the premises are true and the argument is valid, the argument can be classified as sound.
d) This option is incorrect because the conclusion does indeed follow from the premises. The conclusion states that reptiles require water to survive, which is a logical consequence of the premises. The argument is not irrelevant; in fact, the conclusion is directly related to the premises and is a valid inference based on the given information.
8. Given the hypothetical scenario where (A) the majority of the birds are eagles, (B) a majority of the birds are pigeons, and (C) no non-bird eagle (an eagle that is not a bird) is a non-bird pigeon (a pigeon that is not a bird), which of the following conclusions can be drawn based on the principles of logic outlined in the passage?
(a) No eagles are pigeons. (b) Some eagles are pigeons.
(c) All eagles are pigeons. (d) It cannot be determined.
Answer: B
Explanation: Reference Lines from Passage: An argument is valid if and only if it is impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false.
Explanation of the options:
a) This option is incorrect. The premises do not exclude the possibility that some birds could be both eagles and pigeons. If a majority of birds are both eagles and pigeons, then it is possible for some birds to be both. The statement “No eagles are pigeons” would only be valid if there were no overlap between the categories of eagles and pigeons, but this is not implied by the premises.
b) This is the correct answer. The premises do not exclude the possibility of some birds being both eagles and pigeons. If a majority of birds are eagles and a majority of birds are pigeons, it is plausible that some birds could fall into both categories. Therefore, we can validly conclude that some eagles are pigeons.
c) This option is incorrect. The premises do not establish that all eagles are pigeons. While a majority of birds are eagles and a majority of birds are pigeons, this does not necessarily mean that all eagles are pigeons. The premises leave room for some birds to be exclusively eagles or exclusively pigeons.
d) This option is incorrect. Based on the premises, a valid conclusion can be drawn. The premises allow for the possibility that some birds are both eagles and pigeons, so the conclusion that some eagles are pigeons can be determined.
Therefore, the correct answer is option (b) “Some eagles are pigeons.” This conclusion is valid because it is consistent with the premises provided and there is no contradiction in the scenario that would prevent this possibility.
9. If a minority of smartphones are laptops and a majority of smartphones are digital cameras, which of the following could be valid based on the logical principles delineated in the passage?
(a) No laptops are digital cameras. (b) All laptops are digital cameras.
(c) Both (a) and (b). (d) Neither (a) nor (b).
Answer: C
Explanation: Reference Lines from Passage: An argument is valid if and only if it is impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false.
Explanation of the options:
a) This option could be valid. The first premise states that a minority of smartphones are laptops, which means that there are smartphones that are not laptops. The second premise states that a majority of smartphones are digital cameras. Therefore, it is possible that no laptops are digital cameras, as there could be a subset of smartphones that are laptops and not digital cameras. So, the statement “No laptops are digital cameras” is a possible valid conclusion based on the premises.
b) This option could also be valid. The second premise states that a majority of smartphones are digital cameras. Since laptops are a subset of smartphones, it is possible that all laptops fall within the majority of smartphones that are digital cameras. Therefore, it is possible that all laptops are digital cameras, making the statement “All laptops are digital cameras” a valid conclusion based on the premises.
c) This is the correct answer. Both options (a) and (b) could be valid based on the premises. It is possible that no laptops are digital cameras and it is also possible that all laptops are digital cameras. Therefore, both options (a) and (b) are logically possible conclusions.
d) This option is incorrect. Both options (a) and (b) could be valid based on the premises. Therefore, it is not accurate to say that neither option (a) nor option (b) is valid.
In conclusion, the correct answer is option (c) “Both (a) and (b).” Both options (a) and (b) are logically possible conclusions based on the premises provided, allowing for different scenarios regarding the relationship between laptops and digital cameras within the smartphone category.
10. Consider this hypothetical situation: A majority of chess players are mathematicians. Every mathematician possesses high cognitive skills. Individuals with high cognitive skills are twenty times more likely to solve complex problems than those with lower cognitive skills. The ability to solve complex problems is the sole determinant for winning a chess game. Which of the following conclusion(s) can be logically deduced from these premises?
(a) In a chess tournament, a player with lower cognitive skills will never be able to win.
(b) In a chess tournament, the winner among 20 players can be predicted solely based on the cognitive skills of the players.
(c) In a Sudoku competition, where all participants are mathematicians, the winner among 50 participants can be predicted.
(d) Both (a) and (b) are correct.
Answer: D
Explanation: Reference Lines from Passage: An argument is valid if and only if it is impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false.
Explanation of the options:
a) This option is correct. According to the premises, high cognitive skills are necessary to solve complex problems, which is the sole determinant for winning a chess game. Since a majority of chess players are mathematicians who possess high cognitive skills, it follows that a player with lower cognitive skills will be at a disadvantage and will never be able to win in a chess tournament. This conclusion is logically deduced from the premises provided.
b) This option is correct. The premises state that high cognitive skills are necessary to solve complex problems, which is the sole determinant for winning a chess game. Since every mathematician possesses high cognitive skills, it can be inferred that cognitive skills are a significant factor in determining the winner of a chess tournament. Therefore, the winner among 20 players can be predicted solely based on the cognitive skills of the players. This conclusion is logically deduced from the premises.
c) This option is incorrect. The premises only provide information about chess players, mathematicians, cognitive skills, and winning chess games. There is no mention of Sudoku competitions or the number of participants in such competitions. Therefore, it is not possible to logically deduce any conclusions related to a Sudoku competition with 50 participants based on the premises provided.
d) This option is the correct answer. Both options (a) and (b) are logically deduced from the premises. It is deduced that a player with lower cognitive skills will never be able to win in a chess tournament, and the winner among 20 players can be predicted solely based on the cognitive skills of the players.
11. Assume that a minority of libraries contain manuscripts. Which of the following statement(s) is not logically valid based on the principles delineated in the passage?
(a) If there are libraries, there are manuscripts.
(b) If there are manuscripts, there are at least 2 libraries.
(c) If there are no manuscripts, there are no libraries.
(d) All of the above statements are valid.
Explanation: D
Explanation: Reference Lines from Passage: A sound argument is a valid argument in which the premises are actually true.
Explanation of the options:
a) This statement is not necessarily valid. The premise states that a minority of libraries contain manuscripts. This means that there could be libraries without manuscripts. Therefore, it is possible to have libraries without manuscripts, which contradicts the statement “If there are libraries, there are manuscripts.” Hence, this statement is not logically valid.
b) This statement is also not necessarily valid. The premise does not provide any information about the minimum number of libraries required for the existence of manuscripts. It only states that a minority of libraries contain manuscripts. Therefore, it is possible to have fewer than two libraries that contain manuscripts, which contradicts the statement “If there are manuscripts, there are at least 2 libraries.” Hence, this statement is not logically valid.
c) This statement is valid. The premise states that a minority of libraries contain manuscripts. If there are no manuscripts, it means that none of the libraries contain manuscripts. Therefore, it is logically valid to conclude that “If there are no manuscripts, there are no libraries.”
d) This option is incorrect. As explained above, statements (a) and (b) are not logically valid. Therefore, not all of the statements are valid based on the given premise.
12. Consider this scenario: Every software developer is a problem solver. All problem solvers possess analytical thinking abilities. Some software developers are also data analysts. Which of the following conclusion(s) is logically valid given these premises?
(a) All problem solvers are software developers.
(b) Some problem solvers are data analysts.
(c) Every software developer is a data analyst.
(d) None of the above conclusions is valid.
Answer: B
Explanation: Reference Lines from Passage: An argument is a group of statements, one of which (the conclusion) is claimed to follow from the others (the premises).
Explanation of the options:
a) This statement is not logically valid based on the given premises. The premises state that every software developer is a problem solver, but it does not imply that every problem solver is a software developer. It is possible for there to be problem solvers who are not software developers. Therefore, the conclusion “All problem solvers are software developers” is not logically valid.
b) This statement is logically valid based on the premises. The premises state that some software developers are data analysts, and every software developer is a problem solver. Therefore, it follows logically that there must be some problem solvers who are also data analysts. This conclusion is supported by the given information.
c) This statement is not logically valid based on the given premises. The fact that some software developers are data analysts does not mean that every software developer is a data analyst. It is possible for there to be software developers who are not data analysts. Therefore, the conclusion “Every software developer is a data analyst” is not logically valid.
d) This option is incorrect because option (b) is a valid conclusion based on the given premises. While options (a) and (c) are not valid, option (b) correctly follows from the premises provided.
Section – C: Gk and Current Affairs
1. ‘PoshanBhi, PadhaiBhi’ is the government’s flagship program launched by which of the following Ministries?
(a) Ministry of Women and Child Development
(b) Ministry of Home Affairs
(c) Ministry of Education
(d) Ministry of Rural Development
Answer: A
Explanation: The Union Minister for Women and Child Development introduced the government’s flagship program ‘PoshanBhi, PadhaiBhi’, which focuses on Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) at anganwadis across the country. For effective implementation of ECCE, the Ministry has allocated Rs 600 crore for the training of Anganwadi Workers (AWW). The training for anganwadi workers will be provided by, the National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child Development (NIPCCD). To transform anganwadi centers into not just nutrition hubs but also education-imparting centers is the objective of the program. The ECCE progr education in the mother tongue, aligning with the principles of the New Education Policy will be the priority of ECCE program.
2. In which of the following years was the ‘Kisan Credit Card’ Scheme launched?
(a) 1998 (b) 2015
(c) 2008 (d) 2011
Answer:A
Explanation: The Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme was introduced in 1998 to provide timely credit support to farmers. It offers credit for cultivation, purchase of agriculture inputs, and other needs. The scheme was extended to cover the investment credit requirement of farmers in 2004. In 2018-19, the facility was extended to fisheries and animal husbandry farmers.
3. Which of the following Constitutional amendment in 1976 added the word ‘secular’ to the preamble of the Constitution?
(a) 44th (b) 50th
(c) 42nd (d) 51st
Answer: C
Explanation: The 42nd Constitutional amendment in 1976 added the word ‘secular’ to the preamble of the Constitution. India being a secular state, is a no state religion which means that it follows no particular religion. In Ahmedabad St. Xavier’s College vs. State of Gujarat (1975), the SC held that Secularism neither means anti-god nor pro-god. It just ensures that no one is differentiated on the basis of religion eliminating the concept of God in matters of the state.
4. UNGA had declared the international year 2023 after which of the following cereals?
(a) Millets (b) Legumes
(c) Rice (d) Corn
Answer: A
Explanation: The United Nations General Assembly had declared the year 2023 as the International Year of Millets. India’s proposal to observe an International Year of Millets in 2023 was approved by the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) in 2018. This was adopted by a United Nations Resolution for which India took the lead and was supported by over 70 nations.
Objectives: To increase awareness of the contribution of millet to Food Security and nutrition. And, to inspire stakeholders to improve sustainable production and quality of millets. Also, to increase focus on enhanced investment in research and development and extension services to achieve the other two aims.
5. Which of the following countries are the four largest market of medical devices in Asia?
(a) India, China, Thailand, Pakistan
(b) Japan, Russia, China, South Korea
(c) South Korea, Japan, Thailand, China
(d) Japan, China, South Korea, India
Answer: D
Explanation: India is the 4th largest Asian medical devices market after Japan, China, and South Korea, and among the top 20 medical devices markets globally.
India’s current market share in the medical device category is 1.5% of the global space or $11 billion (that is Rs 90,000 crore) in 2020. US dominates the global market with a 40% market share, followed by Europe and Japan at 25% and 15% respectively.
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