CLAT stands for Common Law Admission Test. It is a national-level entrance exam conducted every year by 22 National Law Universities (NLUs) on a rotational basis. The paper is divided into five sections, namely, English Language, Quantitative Techniques, Logical Reasoning, Legal Aptitude, and General Awareness. Students need to equally focus on each subject to score well in the exam.
Logical Reasoning is an important section of the CLAT exam that comprises various topics like Syllogism, Analogies, Indian logics, Deductive Reasoning, etc. Today we’ll discuss the topic Deductive Reasoning for CLAT. Read further to know more.
What Is Deductive Reasoning?
Deductive Reasoning sets off with one or more statements called premises and then applies them to a specific situation.
In deductive reasoning questions, the conclusions are drawn based on only the information given in the question and not your own knowledge.
If a conclusion cannot be drawn from the information provided, then the conclusion does not follow. There are several types of questions that evaluate deductive reasoning ability.
The most basic form of deductive reasoning questions are syllogisms. A syllogism is a type of logical argument in which two premises share some idea and the third sentence serves as the conclusion.
Example:
All crows are black. All black birds are loud. All crows are birds.
Statement: All crows are loud.
A: True
B: False
C: Data Insufficient
Ans. The correct answer is “True.”
The great thing about deductive reasoning is that if the premises are true, the conclusion must be absolutely true.
Eg: Arrangements
Arrangements also form a lot of questions in deductive reasoning topic. In arrangements, you’re given information about the order of items/people in comparison to one another. You need to mentally arrange the items/people according to the information given and answer a question based on the arrangement.
Jane finished ahead of Jerry. Jerry and Brian both finished before Liam. Harry did not finish last.
Who was the last to finish?
A: Harry
B: Brian
C: Jerry
D: Liam
Ans. The correct answer is: Liam
The order: Jane finished before Paul, so Jane was not last. Jerry and Brian finished before Liam, so Jerry and Brian were not last. It is stated that Harry did not finish last. Only Liam remains, so Liam must have finished last.
Eg: Blood Relations
Looking at the portrait of a man, Shivam said, ‘His mother is the wife of my father’s son. Brothers and sisters, I have none’. Whose portrait was Shivam looking at?
(1) His nephew (2) His cousin (3) His uncle (4) His Son (5) None of these
Ans. 4
Solution: My (Shivam’s) father’s son will be Shivam himself as he has no brother or sister. Shivam’s wife is the mother of the person in the portrait. The portrait is thus of Shivam’s son. Hence, the answer is (4) His Son.
Eg: Syllogism
Statements: Some Cats are Dogs. All bats are tables. All Dogs are Bats.
Conclusion:
I. Some Cats are bats
II. All bats are dogs
III. All tables are cats
IV. All bats are cats
1. Only I & II follow
2. Only II follows
3. Only I & IV follow
4. None of these
Ans. 4
Hope you guys now have a better understanding of this topic. In order to do well in the exam, practice a lot of CLAT online mock tests and stay tuned for more information on CLAT-related topics.
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